A B C D E F G H I J K L M
N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
LA-50
Coagulant-Cationic Flocculant - Clarification/Settling (ETUS).
label
any written, printed or graphic sign or symbol displayed on or affixed to containers of hazardous chemicals. A label should identify the hazardous material, appropriate hazard warnings, and name and address of the chemical manufacturer, importer, other responsible party.
laboratory
Per 29 CFR 1910. A facility where the "laboratory use of hazardous chemicals" occurs, where relatively small quantities of hazardous chemicals are used on a non-production basis.
laboratory scale (activity)
the work involves containers of substances used for reactions and transfers that are designed for easy and safe handling by one person. Workplaces that produce commercial quantities of materials are excluded from the definition of "Laboratory."
laboratory type hood
lab device enclosed on five sides with a movable sash or fixed access port on the sixth side. In operation it draws and then exhausts air from the lab to prevent or minimize the escape of air contaminants. It enables materials to be manipulated with the hood by the employees hands and arms only.Walk-in hoods are permitted it airflow and exhaust remove contaminants and the employee is not within the enclosure when contaminants are released.
laboratory use
of hazardous chemicals is when all of the following conditions are met: a) Chemical manipulations are carried out on a "laboratory scale." b) Multiple chemical procedures or chemicals are used. c) The procedures are neither part of nor simulate a production process. d) Protective lab practices and equipment are available and in common use to minimize the potential for employee exposure to hazardous chemicals.
lacrimation
secretion and discharge of tears.
lacrimator
a material that produces tears.
LAER
Lowest Achievable Emission Rate.
lagoon
(1) a shallow pond where sunlight, bacterial action, and oxygen work to purify wastewater; also used to storage of wastewaters or spent nuclear fuel rods. (2) shallow body of water, often separated from the sea by coral reefs or sandbars.
LAI
Laboratory Audit Inspection.
LAMP-OIL
Liquid Wax (ETUS).
land application
discharge of wastewater onto the ground for treatment or reuse. (See: irrigation).
land bans
prohibitions of specific toxic materials from disposal in landfills under RCRA.
land farming
a disposal process in which hazardous waste deposited on or in the soil is naturally degraded by microbes.
landfills
(1) sanitary landfills are land disposal sites for non-hazardous solid wastes at which the waste is spread in layers, compacted to the smallest practical volume, and cover material applied at the end of each operating day.(2) secure chemical landfills are disposal sites for hazardous waste. They are selected and designed to minimize the chance of release of hazardous substances into the environment.
langelier index
a means of expressing the degree of saturation of a water as related to calcium carbonate solubility.
LAP
Laboratory Analytical Protocol.
latency period
the time that elapses between exposure and the first manifestations of disease or illness. Latency periods can range from minutes to decades, depending on the hazardous material.
lateral sewers
pipes running underneath city streets that collect sewage.
lavage
a washing of a hollow organ, such as the stomach, using a tube and fluids.
lay language
Language that can be understood by the public without any special training.
layered or stratified bed
resins with sufficient difference in density and hydraulic characteristics to be layered in the same tank in place of two separate tanks.
LC
Lethal Concentration.
LC
Liquid Chromatography.
LC50/lethal concentration
median lethal concentration, a standard measure of toxicity. It tells how much of a substance is needed to kill half of a group of experimental organisms at a specific time of observation. (See LD50).
LCD
Local Climatological Data.
LCLo
Lethal concentration low. The lowest concentration of a substance in air reported to have caused death in humans or animals. The reported concentrations may be entered for periods of exposure that are less than 24 hours (acute) or greater than 24 hours (subacute and chronic).
LCM
Life Cycle Management.
L-COOL
Cooling Water Treatment - Multifunctional (ETUS).
LCRS
Leachate Collection and Removal System.
LD
Land Disposal.
LD
Lethal Dose.
LDCRS
Leachate Detection, Collection, and Removal System.
LDEQ
Louisiana Department of Environmental Quality.
LDF
Land Disposal Facility.
LDIP
Laboratory Data Integrity Program.
LD 0
the highest concentration of a toxic substance at which none of the test organisms die.
LD 50/lethal dose
the dose of a toxicant that will kill 50 percent of the test organisms within a designated period of time. The lower the LD 50, the more toxic the compound.
LD L0
the lowest concentration and dosage of a toxic substance which kills test organisms.
LDR
Land Disposal Restriction.
LDS
Leak Detection System.
LEA
local education agency; local school administrations held responsible for meeting AHERA requirements.
LEA
Local Enforcement Agency.
leachate
materials that pollute water as it seeps through solid waste.
leachate collection system
a system that gathers leachate and pumps it to the surface for treatment.
leaching
the process by which nutrient chemicals or contaminants are dissolved and carried away by water, or are moved into a lower layer of soil.
lead
a heavy metal that is hazardous to health if breathed or swallowed. Its use in gasoline, paints, and plumbing compounds has been sharply restricted or eliminated by federal laws and regulations. (See: heavy metals).
lead agency
means the agency that provides the OSC/RPM to plan and implement response action under the NCP. EPA, the USCG, another federal agency, or a state (or political subdivision of a state) operating pursuant to a contract or cooperative agreement executed pursuant to section 104(d)(1) of CERCLA, or designated pursuant to a Superfund Memorandum of Agreement (SMOA) entered into pursuant to subpart F of the NCP or other agreements may be the lead agency for a response action.In the case of a release of a hazardous substance, pollutant, or contaminant, where the release is on, or the sole source of the release is from, any facility or vessel under the jurisdiction, custody, or control of Department of Defense (DOD) or Department of Energy (DOE), then DOD or DOE will be the lead agency. Where the release is on, or the sole source of the release is from, any facility or vessel under the jurisdiction, custody, or control of a federal agency other than EPA, the USCG, DOD, or DOE, then that agency will be the lead agency for remedial actions and removal actions other than emergencies. The federal agency maintains its lead agency responsibilities whether the remedy is selected by the federal agency for non-NPL sites or by EPA and the federal agency or by EPA alone under CERCLA section 120. The lead agency will consult with the support agency, if one exists, throughout the response process.
leaded gasoline
gasoline to which lead has been added to raise the octane level.
leakage
the presence in the effluent of a species of ions in the feed to an ion exchanger.
Legionella
means a genus of bacteria, some species of which have caused a type of pneumonia called Legionnaires Disease.
LEL or LFL
Lower explosive limit, or lower flammable limit, of a vapor or gas; the lowest concentration (lowest percentage of the substance in air) that will produce a flash of fire when an ignition source (heat, arc, or flame) is present. At concentrations lower than the LEL, the mixture is too "lean" to burn. Also see "UEL".
LEL
Lowest Effect Level. It is the lowest dose used in a test which produced toxic effects.
LEP
Laboratory Evaluation Program.
LEPC
Local Emergency Planning Committee; groups defined in SARA as responsible for developing emergency plans.
lesion
an abnormal change, injury, or damage to tissue or to an organ.
lethargy
sluggish feeling.
leukemia
a progressive, malignant disease of the blood-forming organs.
level of concentration
the concentration in air of an extremely hazardous substance above which there may be serious immediate health effects to anyone exposed to it for short periods of time.
L-FEED
Boiler Feed Water Treatment - Multifunction (ETUS).
LFL
see Lower Explosive Limit, Lower Flammable Limit.
LFM or lfm
Linear feet per minute.
LHW
Liquid Hazardous Waste.
LIDAR
Light Detection and Ranging.
life cycle
the stages an organism passes through during its existence.
lift
in a sanitary landfill, a compacted layer of solid waste and the top layer of cover material.
lifting station
(see: pumping station).
lignin
the major noncellulose constituent of wood.
LIMB
Limestone-Injection, Multi-State Burner.
lime
a common water treatment chemical. Limestone, CaCO3, is burned to produce quicklime, CaO, which is mixed with water to produce slaked, or hydrated, lime.
limestone scrubbing
process in which sulfur gases moving towards a smokestack are passed through a limestone and water solution to remove sulfur before it reaches the atmosphere.
limited emergency condition
refers to "an incident involving a greater hazard or larger area which poses a potential threat to life or property, and which may require a limited evacuation of the surrounding area."
limiting factor
a condition, whose absence, or excessive concentration, is incompatible with the needs or tolerance of a species or population and which may have a negative influence on their ability to grow or even survive.
limits of flammability
see Flammable Limits.
limnology
the study of the physical, chemical, meteorological, and biological aspects of fresh water.
liner
(1) a relatively impermeable barrier designed to prevent leachate from leaking from a landfill. Liner materials include plastic and dense clay. (2) an insert or sleeve for sewer pipes to prevent leakage or infiltration.
Lipid Granuloma
a mass of chronically inflamed tissue that is usually infective.
lipid pneumonia
a chronic condition caused by aspiration of oily substances into the lungs.
lipid solubility
the maximum concentration of a chemical that will dissolve in fatty substances; lipid soluble substances are insoluble in water. If a substance is lipid soluble it will very selectively disperse through the environment via living tissue.
lipophilic
having an affinity for oil. The opposite of hydrophilic (i.e., hydrophobic).
liquefaction
changing a solid into a liquid form.
liquid trap
means sumps, well cellars, and other traps used in association with oil and gas production, gathering, and extraction operations (including gas production plants), for the purpose of collecting oil, water, and other liquids. These liquid traps may temporarily collect liquids for subsequent disposition or reinjection into a production or pipeline stream, or may collect and separate liquids from a gas stream.
liquefied compressed gas
DOT describes as a gas which, under the charged pressure, is partially liquid at a temperature of 70¿F.
list
shorthand term for EPA list of violating facilities or lists of firms debarred from obtaining government contracts because they violated certain sections of the Clean Air Act or Clean Water Acts. The list is maintained by the Office of Enforcement and Compliance Monitoring.
listed waste
wastes listed as hazardous under RCRA but which have not been subjected to the Toxic Characteristics Listing Process because the dangers they present are considered self-evident.
LLRW
Low Level Radioactive Wastes.
LLRWPA
Low-Level Radioactive Waste Policy Act.
LMFBR
Liquid Metal Fast Breeder Reactor.
LNG
Liquefied Natural Gas.
LOAFL
Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level.
local emergency planning committee
a committee appointed by the state emergency response commission, as required by SARA Title III to formulate a comprehensive emergency plan for its jurisdiction.
local resources
refers to all the resources that have been identified in the organizations emergency response plan as being under the organizations direct control and those resources controlled by other entities within the geographical boundaries of the jurisdiction.
local ventilation
the drawing off and replacement of contaminated air directly from its source. This type of ventilation is recommended for hazardous airborne materials.
LOIS
Loss of Interim Status.
LOL
Laughing Out Loud.
low level radioactive waste (LLRW)
wastes less hazardous than most of those generated by a nuclear reactor. Usually generated by hospitals, research laboratories, and certain industries. The Department of Energy, Nuclear Regulatory Commission, and EPA share responsibilities for managing them (See: high-level radioactive wastes).
lower explosive limit (LEL)
the concentration of a compound in air below which a flame will not propagate if the mixture is ignited.
lowest achievable emission rate
under the Clean Air Act, this is the rate of emissions which reflects (a) the most stringent emission limitation which is contained in the implementation plan of any state for such source unless the owner or operator of the proposed source demonstrates such limitations are not achievable; or (b) the most stringent emissions limitation achieved in practice, which ever is more stringent.Application of this term does not permit a proposed new or modified source to emit pollutants in excess of existing new source standards.
lowest-observed-adverse-effect level
(LOAEL) in dose-response experiments, the experimental exposure level representing the lowest level tested at which adverse effects were demonstrated.
LP
Legislative Proposal.
LPG
Liquefied Petroleum Gas.
LRMS
Low Resolution Mass Spectroscopy.
LSI
Legal Support Inspection.
LSSEQUE
Irrigation Water Treatment (ETUS).
LTD
Land Treatment Demonstration.
LTU
Land Treatment Unit.
LUFT
Leaking Underground Fuel Tank.
LUST
Leaking Underground Storage Tank.
LUST
leaking UST.
LWCF
Land and Water Conservation Fund.
